@article { author = {Khalifa, Ayman and Salam, Engy}, title = {CBCT evaluation of cephalometric variables among samples of Egyptian non-operated cleft lip and palate patients}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {59}, number = {6}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.66575.1015}, abstract = {Objectives: to evaluate the cephalometric and craniofacial measurements in unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients and to investigate the effect of these measurements in growing and non-growing cleft patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) 3D software, and to compare them to healthy individual. Setting and Sample population: Retrospective study was performed in Department of pedodontics and Orthodontics, October 6 University. The study sample comprised unilateral and bilateral 36 growing CLP (aged 6-17years), and 24 non-growing CLP (aged 18- 40 years). The control group included 60 Non-CLP subjects. Methods: Cephalometric measurements were obtained using CBCT software, all measurements were assessed by Mann-test to clarify differences between study samples. Results: There was a significant difference between (Growing Bilateral) and (Control Growing) for (MP-SN, B, A, ANB, SNB & ANS-ME) and There was a significant difference between (Growing Unilateral) and (Control Growing) for (MP-SN, B, SNA, SNB, GO-GN, GO-GN, N-ANS & ANS-ME). While there was a significant difference between (Non-Growing Bilateral) and (Control Non-Growing) for (MP-SN, B, A, SNA, SNB, GO-GN, & ANS-ME) and there was a significant difference between (Non-Growing Unilateral) and (Control Non-Growing) for (MP-SN, B, A, SNA, SNB & ANS-ME) where (Z) values were significant at (0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that there was significant increase in mandibular length in both growing and non- growing BCLP than of UCL, in growing UCLP there was reduced upper face height and in growing BCLP there was increased lower face height}, keywords = {Keywords: cleft lip and palate,CBCT,Cephalometric analysis}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186751.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186751_919ab6d8a5a7589a5dc83bb5fe52cc09.pdf} } @article { author = {Negm, Ibrahim and Iskander, Riyad and Aboulazm, Khaled}, title = {Three-dimensional Assessment of Skeletal Frog Appliance Outcomes Via Cone Beam Computerized Tomography}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {59}, number = {6}, pages = {13-25}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.82919.1019}, abstract = {Objective: To assess the three-dimensional effect of the mini-screw supported palatal distalizer the Skeletal Frog appliance via the aid of the cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) images. Methods: This study was conducted on twenty five subjects (9 boys and 16 girls), aged 13 to 15.2 years (average, 14.5 years) who exhibited Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion with the maxillary second molars fully erupted. CBCT were obtained prior treatment and post-distalization for all subjects. CBCT images were used to measure the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes. Paired-sample t-test was implemented to compare the mean difference between the pretreatment and post-distalization variables. Results: The maxillary first molars were efficaciously distalized, distally tipped, and intruded by 4.14mm, 9.02°, and 2.03mm (p≤ 0.05) respectively. The maxillary right and left first molar exhibited significant rotation 4.33° and 4.83° (p≤ 0.05) respectively. Whereas the maxillary inter-molar and inter-premolar widths increased by 2.41mm and 0.8mm respectively. Regarding the maxillary first and second premolars they revealed a distalization of 1.89mm and 2.8mm (p≤ 0.05) respectively, with insignificant extrusion. The maxillary central incisors showed a statistically insignificant decrease in the anteroposterior position. Whereas the interincisal angle revealed a statistically significant increase by 3.24° (p≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The Skeletal Frog appliance efficaciously distalizes the maxillary molars with the second molars fully erupted while providing absolute skeletal anchorage.}, keywords = {3D,Frog appliance,Distalization}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186753.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186753_157bf74653793c59c8231119d06e2da0.pdf} } @article { author = {Yousry, Tarek and Abdel-Haffiez, Sherief and Mowafy, Mohamed}, title = {The effect of varied force vector on type of tooth movement of maxillary anterior teeth during en masse retraction; randomized clinical trial}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {59}, number = {6}, pages = {26-38}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.78005.1017}, abstract = {This randomized clinical trial was conducted on female patients in need of extraction of at least of two maxillary first premolars. The sample was divided into three groups; Group I: study group with Anterior retraction hook (ARH) of 9 mm, group II: study group with ARH of 6 mm, group III: study group with ARH of 3mm. Cone beam computed tomography were taken at two-time intervals for the whole sample; T1: Before the onset of en-masse retraction and T2: After the completion of en-masse retraction.Significant reduction in the inclination of anterior teeth as measured to the palatal plane had been recorded in three groups. Significant retraction of crowns and roots of anterior teeth had been recorded in all groups. Significantly lower amount of root movement had been recorded in group 2 and 3 compared to group 1. All groups showed significant intrusive movement with significantly less intrusion movement in group 2 and group 3 compared to group 1.}, keywords = {en-masse retraction,Mini-implants,force vector}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186730.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186730_d58bdd34435b0695d5aee75c2a2a28e9.pdf} } @article { author = {wafa, azza and Gaballah, Safaa and El laithy, Mohammed}, title = {Assessment of accuracy of 2D cephalograms reconstructed from 3D CBCT in labial alveolar bone thickness measurements over the most forward maxillary incisor}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {59}, number = {6}, pages = {39-48}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.76631.1016}, abstract = {Objectives: Assess the accuracy of 2D cephalograms reconstructed from 3D CBCT by comparing labial alveolar bone thickness over the most forward maxillary incisor (MFMI) in 2 dimensions vs 3 dimensions. Materials and Methods: Sixty cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were coded, and 2-dimensional (2D) cephalograms were constructed using ray sum technique by using the entire volumetric data in the On demand 3DAPP software (version1.0.10.7s10;cybermed, korea). The 2D CBCT reconstructed images were analyzed using audax ceph 2d analysis software. The 2D and 3D MFMI crowns were located using (FH)-A-point line as the vertical reference line and alveolar bone labial to 3 points on the MFMI roots, using Frankfort horizontal FH line as a horizontal reference line, were measured. The 2D and 3D measurements were compared using paired t tests. A 5% significance level was used for all tests. Results: labial alveolar bone thickness over the 3 root points of MFMI and the MFMI distance to (FH)-A-point line were significantly greater in 2 dimensions than in 3 dimensions. Conclusions: Labial alveolar bone thickness over MFMI roots can be overestimated when evaluated using 2D reconstructed cephalograms compared with 3D evaluation. Alveolar bone measurements over maxillary incisors were interfered by ANS in two dimensions.}, keywords = {CBCT,alveolar bone,reconstructed cephalogram}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186752.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186752_74e356dd6ebee1fb2dba636909429261.pdf} } @article { author = {Samih, Hanady and Zahra,, Sherif and Aboulazm, Khaled}, title = {Prevalence of maxillary canine impaction in an Egyptian population: a retrospective study}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {59}, number = {6}, pages = {49-57}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.84086.1021}, abstract = {Objective: To determine the prevalence of maxillary impacted canines in Egyptian population and its relativity to gender, location, and side distribution. Materials and methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of 7730 digital panoramic radiographs collected from Alexandria city in Egypt. The sample was examined for the presence of maxillary impacted canines. The radiographs were selected from the records of several private dental clinics and the archive of a radiographic center. Results: Among the panoramic radiographs analyzed, 229 radiographs had at least one maxillary canine impaction with a prevalence of 2.96%. The percentage of impacted canines in males was 36.24% and in females was 63.76%. A higher number of impactions were seen unilaterally 82.1% than bilaterally 17.9%. Right side impactions (42.79%) were less common than left side impactions (75.1%) in relation to the total number of radiographs with canine impactions. When including the unilateral impactions only, right side impactions were 24.89% while the left side impactions were 57.2%. Conclusions: The prevalence of maxillary impacted canines in the Egyptian population was found to be 2.96% of the sample collected from Alexandria city which lies within the range reported in other populations. The maxillary canine impactions occurred more in females, unilaterally and on the left side.}, keywords = {Epidemiology,maxillary canines,panoramic radiography,prevalence,tooth impaction}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186755.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186755_562dca9e066a7a243bc7215dfdb075c7.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Haffiez, Sherief and Yousry, Tarek and Mowafy, Mohamed}, title = {The effect of Miswak varnish on streptococcus Mutans count and gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {59}, number = {6}, pages = {58-74}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.84990.1022}, abstract = {Objective: Primary objective: To evaluate the effect of Miswak extract varnish on streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) counts in saliva and plaque, gingival bleeding index (GBI) and plaque index (PI) in orthodontic patients. Secondary objective: to suggest an appropriate frequency Miswak varnishes application to produce maximum efficiency. Material and methods: Enrolled patients (n=75) were randomly and equally divided into 3groups. Chlorhexidine varnish group, Miswak varnish group and control group. S.mutans counts in plaque and saliva, GBI and PI were evaluated at different time points; T0: before brackets bonding, T1: two weeks after brackets bonding, T2: one months after brackets bonding and T3: three months after brackets bonding. Results: Both chlorhexidine and Miswak varnishes reduced plaque S.mutans counts significantly at T2 compared to the controls, with no significant difference between Chlorhexidine and Miswak varnishes at this timepoint. After 3 months, chlorhexidine varnish group had the lowest S.mutans plaque counts followed by Miswak varnish group, while the control group had the highest counts. GBI was reduced significantly in both chlorhexidine and Miswak varnishes groups, when compared to the control group at both one month and 3 months timepoints with no statistically significant differences between chlorhexidine and Miswak neither at one month nor at 3 months. PI showed no statistically significant differences between the 3 study groups at different timepoints. Conclusions: Miswak varnish can be an acceptable natural substitute to chlorhexidine varnish as an anticariogenic agent if applied at monthly basis. Mechanical brushing is mandatory to reduce plaque accumulation and maintain proper gingival health.}, keywords = {Miswak varnish,Chlorhexidine varnish,S.mutans count,Plaque index,Gingival bleeding index}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186754.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_186754_d439514df8974a019982a311b2517307.pdf} }