@article { author = {Yousry, Tarek and Abdel-haffiez, Sherief}, title = {Comparison of shear bond strength of brackets bonded with four different bonding protocols at different time intervals; An in vitro study}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {58}, number = {December 2020}, pages = {1-18}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2020.42567.1002}, abstract = {Objective: To test shear bond strength and mode of debonding of brackets bonded using a traditional orthodontic adhesive (Transbond XT), self- adhesive material (Heliosit) and self-etch &self-adhesive resin material (Vertise flow) with and without phosphoric acid etching; after 15 minutes, 24 hours and following aging and thermocycling. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eighty upper first premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were used in this study. The specimens were equally and randomly allocated into four groups. TXT group (Transbond XT; n=45); HS group (Heliosit group; n=45); VF group (Vertise Flow; n=45) and (VF+P) (Vertise Flow with phosphoric acid etch; n=45). Each group was randomly and equally divided into three equal subgroups; First subgroup (n=15) shear bond strength was tested after 15 minutes of bracket bonding, second subgroup (n=15): shear bond strength was tested after storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and third subgroup (n=15 per group): shear bond strength was tested after specimens storage in distilled water at 37°C for 6 weeks and subjected to 1000 thermal cycles between 5-55°C. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) was recorded for each specimen and its mean was compared between different groups. Results: Significance level was set to α= 0.05. Vertise flow (either with or without enamel pre-etching) and Transbond had acceptable bond strength at 15minutes debond testing. Heliosit adhesive had a significantly lower SBS at 15 minutes debond. Transbond XT had a significantly higher (SBS) compared to the other 3 groups at 24 hours debond.}, keywords = {Shear bond strengt Self adhesive,thermocycling,aging,Self etch self adhesive}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149877.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149877_6e99b7704ac6075f1da56fee2cbedfee.pdf} } @article { author = {Aboulfotouh, Mai and El-Dawlatly, Mostafa}, title = {The relationship between the depth of the curve of Spee and different types of malocclusion.}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {58}, number = {December 2020}, pages = {19-25}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2020.44824.1003}, abstract = {Objective: To assess the depth of the curve of Spee in Class I, class II division 1, Class II division 2 and class III malocclusions. Materials and methods: Casts of 120 patients were selected and divided into 4 equal groups of 30 cases each. The casts were divided according to the malocclusion into Class I, Class II division 1, Class II division 2 and Class III malocclusions as defined by the British standards of classification. The depth of the curve of Spee was measured on each model after digitizing it using 3Shape Ortho analyzer 2019 software. Statistical analysis was performed for the collected data . Results: results showed that class II division 2 cases had the deepest curve of Spee followed by Class II division 1 then Class I cases, while class III malocclusion showed the least depth of the curve of Spee. All groups showed a statistically significant difference in between except for Class I and Class III groups where no significant difference was found in between. Conclusion: the depth of the curve of Spee is affected by the type of malocclusion}, keywords = {Curve of Spee,malocclusion,overbite}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149878.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149878_67d3442cc20857ffca49156e789ed95e.pdf} } @article { author = {ahmed, maha and Elshal, mohamed and Refai, wael}, title = {The Effect of Topical Application of Strontium on Bond Strength in Orthodontics. (In Vitro Study)}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {58}, number = {December 2020}, pages = {26-35}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2020.50955.1004}, abstract = {Objective: to evaluate the effects of topical application of strontium on bond strength in orthodontics in vitro by using Instron universal testing machine . Materials and Methods: forty eight bovine enamel specimens were randomly allocated to four groups (n =12). Specimens of group I were not demineralized and were not pretreated, but served as controls. The other specimens were demineralized by using Featherstone pH cycling technique to form artificial carious lesions. Samples from group II were only demineralized. The other samples were pretreated with strontium chloride solution(Srcl2) for 5 minutes. Teeth in groups III were treated with Srcl2 solution before acid-etching. Teeth in groups IV were treated with Srcl2 after acid-etching. The brackets were then bonded .The brackets' SBS was measured and the adhesive remnant was assessed using adhesive remnant index (ARI). Analyses were done for SBS values between the four groups using One-Way ANOVA test followed by Post Hoc Tukey’s analysis between each two groups .Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate differences in ARI scores between the groups. Results: srcl2treated group before acid etching )showed the highest mean SBS value when compared to other groups (Mean ± SD =24.7±7.4 MPa). There was insignificant difference between the four groups as regarding ARI scores (p=0.406). Conclusion: The topical application of srcl2 did not compromise the bond strength of orthodontic brackets to demineralized bovine enamel.}, keywords = {Keywords : Shear bond strength,Brackets,Demineralized enamel}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149879.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149879_ec6bb833a82b3488cf8ed10c38cb9ad7.pdf} } @article { author = {Darwish, sherif}, title = {Prevalence Of Different Types Of Oral Habits Among School-Children Aged 6-12 Years In Alexandria (A Survey Study)}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {58}, number = {December 2020}, pages = {36-49}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.52935.1007}, abstract = {Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of parafunctional oral habits among schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years in Alexandria, Egypt. Materials and methods: A total of 255 Egyptian children, consisting of 158 males and 94 females were randomly examined. The examination included 1-Tongue thrusting: masseteric palpation 2-Thumb sucking: finger examination and intra-oral examination. 3-Mouth breathing: a. medical history. b. Mirror test (fog test) c. Jwemen’s Butterfly test. d. Water Holding Test (Masslers test). 4-Nail biting: fingers, nails examination and intraoral examination. Questionnaires were handed out to the parents to obtain information about the child’s gender, age, medical and dental history and any noticeable oral habits and collected a week later. Data was collected, sorted and registered. The subjects were assigned to different groups according to the habit. Percentile distribution of the subjects was calculated for different habit and their relation to each other, Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and Student t-test. Significance of the obtained results was judged at the 5% level (P ≤ 0.05). Results: the majority of subjects shows with 41.07% of the subjects had nail biting followed by tongue thrust with 29.4% then mouth breathing with 15.9% and the least prevalent oral habit was thumb sucking with 14.73%. 32.1% of the subjects had no habits at all and 67.9% had at least one habit. conclusion: Nail biting was the most dominant oral habit and the least common was thumb sucking, no patients were found practicing more than 3 habits.}, keywords = {Habits,prevalence,Epidemiological,malocclusion,Survey}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149880.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149880_c52a6066fe31ba0affd698f2ae6b2274.pdf} } @article { author = {El-kalza, Ahmed and Mowafy, Mohamed and Yousry, Tarek}, title = {Reliability of measurements between conventional casts, laser scanned casts and intraoral scanning}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {58}, number = {December 2020}, pages = {50-60}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.55121.1009}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to compare tooth measurements obtained by two differently acquired digital model and conventional plaster cast measurements. Materials and methods: This study comprised 40 patients. Digital casts were obtained by two methods; Intraoral scanning by carestream intraoral scanner CS3600 powder free and model scanning by cast scanner Sirona InEos X5 scanner. Three study groups were obtained; Group 1: conventional dental casts ,group 2: digital casts obtained with powder free intraoral scanning and group 3: digital casts obtained by cast scanner. Intercanine and intermolar widths in addition to individual tooth measurements were made using Viewbox program for digital casts and digital caliper for the plaster cast. Results: No statistical significant difference between three groups regarding all measurements had been found. Conclusion:The results of this study confirm the potential of intraoral scanning to acquire data as accurate as alginate impressions as well as scanned digital casts for orthodontic applications}, keywords = {Digital model,Intraoral scanning,cast scanning,intra-arch tooth measurements}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149871.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149871_d3b2864aa80ca74902819e44ddf36bec.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdo, Mostafa and khairallah, marwa and Abd el-rady, nessren and elsayed, mohamed and hashem, Ahmed and Refai, wael and Elshal, Mohamed}, title = {Role of Local injection of 1, 25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol in prevention of Post orthodontic Relapse in uremic Rabbits}, journal = {Egyptian Orthodontic Journal}, volume = {58}, number = {December 2020}, pages = {61-68}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Egyptian Orthodontic Society}, issn = {1110-435X}, eissn = {2812-5258}, doi = {10.21608/eos.2021.57397.1011}, abstract = {Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of local injection of vitamin D 1, 25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol (VD) by means of measuring OTM and bone density by computerized tomography the number of osteoclasts during orthodontic relapse in uremic New Zealand rabbits after induced nephropathy. Materials and Methods: This study is in vivo experimental research. A total of 34 male New Zealand rabbits were used in the study, which were randomly split into three groups, control group (CG), uremic group(CKD G) and uremic with locally injected VD (CKD with VD G) . All rabbits were given an orthodontic force of 60 cN using a NITI 3-spin coil spring that was activated for 15-18 days and then conditioned to be passive. Through this phase, the CKD with VD group was locally injected with VD once every week for 4 weeks. CT measurements and histological analysis were formed at 18 days, after removal of the Orthodontic appliances and after 38 days, Data were analyzed statistically using an independent t-test (p < 0.05). Results: The post OTRM was significantly lower in the CKD with VD injection than in the CKD (P=0.01). The number of osteoclasts in the CKD with VD group was significantly lower than that in the CKD group (p = 0.021). Conclusion: locally injected VD can prevent post orthodontic tooth relapse movement by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and decreasing osteoclasts number in uremic rabbits.}, keywords = {Orthodontic relapse,vitamin D3,Chronic Kidney Disease,1,25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol}, url = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149881.html}, eprint = {https://eos.journals.ekb.eg/article_149881_1588fde00b13937f87aa448b64ecc329.pdf} }